Analysis of Inmates' Aggressive Behavior Based on Frustration-Aggression Theory In Minimizing Violations at The Class II A Kotabumi Correctional Facility

Abstract

This study is motivated by the occurrence of aggressive behavior among inmates, which may lead to disciplinary violations at Class IIA Kotabumi Correctional Institution. Such behavior may take the form of verbal arguments that escalate into physical fights due to various problems experienced during incarceration. This study aims to analyze the forms and factors associated with inmates’ aggressive behavior, identify obstacles to reducing such behavior, and examine possible measures to minimize related disciplinary violations. This research employs a qualitative approach, with data collected through interviews, observation, and documentation. The research informants consist of inmates and correctional officers at Class IIA Kotabumi Correctional Institution. The analysis draws on Dollard and Miller’s frustration-aggression theory and Berkowitz’s Cognitive Neoassociation theory. The findings indicate that inmates’ aggressive behavior primarily manifests as verbal arguments that may escalate into physical altercations. Issues associated with such behavior include debts, food distribution, misunderstandings, missing belongings, teasing, and personal or family problems. Obstacles to reducing aggressive behavior include difficulties in emotional regulation, poor communication, accumulated grievances, and uncomfortable living conditions. Possible measures include early detection of potential conflicts, mediation, increased supervision in high-risk situations, emotional regulation guidance, and improved coordination and evaluation among correctional officers.