Language Variation, Javanese-Indonesian Diglossia, and Language Codes in MSME Mentoring Interactions in Tingkir Tengah Urban Village, Salatiga

Abstract

This article, entitled “Language Variation, Javanese-Indonesian Diglossia, and Language Codes in MSME Mentoring Interactions in Tingkir Tengah Village, Salatiga,” describes language variation, Javanese-Indonesian diglossia, and restricted and elaborated codes in micro, small, and medium enterprise (MSME) mentoring during a community service program. It used a descriptive qualitative single-case design grounded in Labov’s language variation, Ferguson and Fishman’s diglossia, and Bernstein’s codes. Data comprised spoken utterances, WhatsApp messages, and promotional texts from one mentored enterprise, a producer of vapor blasting machines, collected through participant observation, recording and note-taking, and documentation, then analyzed through reduction, classification, interpretation, and conclusion drawing, with triangulation across the three data types. Language choice appeared to follow situation, interlocutor, and medium, while the effect of social background could not be assessed with a single informant. Indonesian filled most utterances; Javanese appeared only as ngoko in familiar talk, and neither madya nor krama appeared. In spoken utterances, restricted code outnumbered elaborated code, which appeared when the owner explained products and reasons to interlocutors lacking the necessary background. These findings suggest authentic tasks for teaching speaking and writing, and, as a single case, are not generalized.