State Responsibility for Food Poisoning in the Free Nutritious Meals Program at SMP Negeri 1 Kabuh from the Perspective of Aristotle’s Teleological Ethics

Abstract

The Free Nutritious Meals Program (Makan Bergizi Gratis or MBG) represents one of the Indonesian government's efforts to improve public welfare through the fulfillment of nutritional needs. However, the food poisoning incident at SMP Negeri 1 Kabuh, Jombang Regency, reveals a gap between the objectives of public policy and the protection of beneficiaries' safety. This study aims to analyze the legal framework of state responsibility for food poisoning incidents under the MBG Program and evaluate it from the perspective of Aristotle's teleological ethics. This research employs a normative juridical method using statutory and conceptual approaches, supported by an analysis of primary and secondary legal materials and relevant case-related sources. The findings indicate that existing food safety regulations establish the state's obligations concerning prevention, supervision, and the management of food poisoning incidents. Nevertheless, the existence of legal regulations does not automatically guarantee effective legal protection, particularly regarding the restoration of victims' rights. From the perspective of Aristotle's teleological ethics, the concepts of telos, eudaimonia, and phronesis emphasize that welfare objectives must be pursued through rational and responsible actions.