Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Pembeli Beritikad Baik Akibat Pembatalan Perjanjian Jual Beli Tanah Secara Sepihak (Studi Kasus Putusan Nomor 68/Pdt.G/2015/PN.Cbn)

Abstract

This study examines the criteria for good faith buyers in land sale and purchase agreements and the forms of legal protection afforded to buyers when agreements are unilaterally canceled by sellers. The concept of good faith under Article 1338 paragraph (3) of the Civil Code lacks a normative definition and is therefore categorized as a vague norm whose application depends entirely on judicial discretion, a condition that potentially creates legal uncertainty in land disputes. This research employs a normative juridical method using statutory, conceptual, and case approaches through the analysis of Cirebon District Court Decision Number 68/Pdt.G/2015/PN.Cbn. The findings indicate that good faith buyer criteria must be assessed holistically, encompassing documented full payment, reasonable reliance on the seller's representative authority, and lack of knowledge of legal defects at the time of transaction. The legal protection provided is repressive and operates through three overlapping legal regimes, namely the Civil Code, agrarian law, and the Consumer Protection Law, manifested through an order to sign the Deed of Sale and Purchase with a substituted power of attorney mechanism, surrender of the disputed object, and imposition of dwangsom as a coercive instrument.