Pembatasan Penerapan Local Content Requirements oleh Negara Berkembang Sebagai Konsekuensi Ketentuan Trims dalam Kerangka Perdagangan Internasional

Novia Rahmadani

Abstract


The restriction of Local Content Requirements (LCR) within the international trade regime presents a significant challenge for developing countries that rely on such policy instruments to strengthen their domestic industries. Under the WTO’s Trade-Related Investment Measures (TRIMs) Agreement, LCR is deemed inconsistent with the principles of National Treatment and the prohibition of quantitative restrictions, thereby limiting the ability of developing countries to pursue industrialization. This study aims to examine how TRIMs restrict the implementation of LCR and to analyze the legal and economic implications of these restrictions on industrial policy. Using a normative juridical method with a conceptual approach through literature and development theory analysis, the study finds that LCR restrictions reduce policy space, slow technology transfer, weaken domestic supply chains, and increase import dependence. It concludes that these restrictions are not merely legalistic but structurally impactful, necessitating alternative policies that remain compliant with WTO rules.

Keywords


Local Content Requirements; Trade-Related Investment Measures (TRIMs); Developing Countries.

Full Text:

PDF

References


Hadiarianti, V. S. (2019). Langkah Awal Memahami Hukum Perdagangan Internasional Dalam Era Globalisasi. Penerbit Unika Atma Jaya Jakarta.

Kurnianingrum, T. P., SH, M., Cahyaningrum, D., Nola, L. F., SH, M. K., & Novianti, S. H. (2021). Pelindungan kepentingan nasional dalam perdagangan internasional. Publica Indonesia Utama.

Marzuki, P. M. (2005). Penelitian hukum. Kencana Prenada Media Group.

Soeparna, I. I. (2020). Hukum Perdagangan Internasional Dalam World Trade Organization. Airlangga University Press.

Sukanda Husin, S. H. (2023). Hukum Ekonomi Internasional: Interpretasi dan Implementasinya dalam Beberapa Kasus-Rajawali Pers. PT. RajaGrafindo Persada.

Batra, M., & Bafna, N. (2018). Renewable energy: the WTO's position on local content requirements. Energy LJ, 39, 401.

Belderbos, R., & Sleuwaegen, L. (1997). Local content requirements and vertical market structure. European Journal of Political Economy, 13(1), 101-119.

Deringer, H., Erixon, F., Lamprecht, P., & Van der Marel, E. (2018). The economic impact of local content requirements: A case study of heavy vehicles (No. 1/2018). ECIPE Occasional Paper.

Erawaty, E. (2022). Implementasi kedaulatan Indonesia atas hasil tambang dalam perspektif perdagangan bebas: hambatan dan peluang menurut WTO agreements serta ancaman retaliasi.

Fithriah, N. (2017). Penerapan Prinsip Non-Diskriminatif Dan National Treatment Oleh Indonesia Dalam Rangka Mea Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 25 Tahun 2007 Tentang Penanaman Modal. University Of Bengkulu Law Journal, 2(1), 80-90.

FU’ULATUL, I. T. (2010). IMPLEMENTASI NON DISCRIMINATORY PRINCIPLE DARI TRADE RELATED INVESTMENT MEASURES (TRIMs) DALAM UNDANG UNDANG NOMOR 25 TAHUN 2007 (Doctoral dissertation, UNIVERSITAS AIRLANGGA).

Giovannus, D. (2020). Pengaturan Tingkat Kadungan Dalam Negeri (Tkdn) Atau Local Content Requirements Di Indonesia. Jurnal Paradigma Hukum Pembangunan, 5(01), 81-107.

Hasyim, S., & Nasrullah, N. (2022). The Implications of TRIMs Agreement on Domestic Economy in the 21st Century: A Study of Legal Development. SIGn Jurnal Hukum, 4(2), 332-350.

Khotimah, E. (2023). PRINSIP LARANGAN RESTRIKSI KUANTITATIF PADA SENGKETA DS-592–MEASURES RELATING TO RAW MATERIALS DITINJAU DARI GATT WTO (Doctoral dissertation, Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa).

Kolstad, I., & Kinyondo, A. (2017). Alternatives to local content requirements in resource-rich countries. Oxford Development Studies, 45(4), 409-423.

Kuntze, J. C., & Moerenhout, T. (2012). Local Content Requirements and the Renewable Energy Industry-A Good Match?. Available at SSRN 2188607.

Lestari, N. L. D. A., Damayanti, C., & Haqqi, H. (2018). PRINSIP NATIONAL TREATMENT WTO (Studi Kasus Sengketa Dagang WTO DS477/DS478 Indonesia –Importation of Horticultural Products, Animals and Animal Products). Solidaritas, 2(1).

MODAL, T. P., & TARIGAN, A. B. TINJAUAN YURIDIS TERHADAP PERSYARATAN PENANAMAN MODAL YANG TERKAIT DENGAN PERDAGANGAN (TRADE RELATED INVESTMENT MEASURES/TRIMs) DALAM UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 25 TAHUN 2007.

Nurhakim, H. A. (2024). THE EVOLUTION OF STATE SOVEREIGNTY IN INTERNATIONAL LAW: THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL ANALYSIS. International Studies, 1(1), 35-42.

Pebruwenti, H. (2011). TINJAUAN YURIDIS PEMENUHAN TRADE RELATED INVESMENT MEASURES (TRIMs) DALAM UU NO. 25 TAHUN 2007 TENTANG PENANAMAN MODAL (Studi Terhadap Penanaman Modal Asing) (Doctoral dissertation, Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau).

Pratama, A. P. (2023). Dampak Dari Trims Agreement Terhadap Perekonomian Domestik Pasca Reformasi: Kajian Pengembangan Hukum. Jurnal Hukum, Politik Dan Ilmu Sosial, 2(4), 257-269.

Raytiaputri, R. (2015). Perwujudan dari Perkecualian terhadap Prinsip General Prohibition On Quantitative Restriction Terkait Penanaman Modal di Indonesia (Doctoral dissertation, Brawijaya University).

RK, E. H. D. (2013). PERSYARATAN KANDUNGAN LOKAL (LOCAL CONTENT REQUIREMENTS) DI INDONESIA DAN KAITANNYA DENGAN PERJANJIAN INTERNASIONAL DI BIDANG INVESTASI (Doctoral dissertation, UNIVERSITAS AIRLANGGA).

Suhendra, H., & Amalia, P. (2024). LOCAL CONTENT REGULATIONS IN INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT AND THE NATIONAL TREATMENT PRINCIPLE. Transnational Business Law Journal, 5(2).

Trojbicz, B., & Françoso, M. S. (2025). The Political Economy of local content policy: The Brazilian Oil Industry in the 21st century. Resources Policy, 100, 105430.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17862318

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

 

Media Hukum Indonesia (MHI)

E-ISSN :3032-6591

Organized by Penerbit Yayasan Daarul Huda Kruengmane,